We Deeply Want To Be Led By

Managers Think Of Themselves As Captains Of A Ship On A Stormy Sea. Risk For Them Is Danger, But They Are Fighting It, Very Controlled.

Some Memories Come With A Very Compelling Sense Of Truth About Them. And That Happens To Be The Case Even With Memories That Are Not True.

A General “law Of Least Effort” Applies To Cognitive As Well As Physical Exertion. The Law Asserts That If There Are Several Ways Of Achieving The Same Goal, People Will Eventually Gravitate To The Least Demanding Course Of Action. In The Economy Of Action, Effort Is A Cost, And The Acquisition Of Skill Is Driven By The Balance Of Benefits And Costs. Laziness Is Built Deep Into Our Nature.

Facts That Challenge Basic Assumptions-and Thereby Threaten People's Livelihood And Self-esteem-are Simply Not Absorbed. The Mind Does Not Digest Them.

A Person Who Has Not Made Peace With His Losses Is Likely To Accept Gambles That Would Be Unacceptable To Him Otherwise.